Colic, Gas, and Infant Crying

What is Colic?

Babies cry—it’s normal. On average, they cry two to three times a day, usually in the evening. Crying peaks around six weeks of age and can last up to three hours a day. However, if a baby cries for more than three hours a day, at least three days a week, for three consecutive weeks, they are considered to have colic. About 40% of babies experience colic, which typically resolves on its own within a few months.

The exact cause of colic remains unknown, but possible explanations include an immature digestive system, gas, temperament, overstimulation, excessive fatigue, or nervous system immaturity. Studies have also shown that babies of smoking mothers are more prone to colic. While colic has no long-term medical significance, there are ways to alleviate discomfort and soothe your baby.

How Can You Tell If It’s Colic?

• Colic occurs in healthy babies who cry frequently and intensely.
• These babies have a strong sucking reflex and a healthy appetite.
• They respond well to touch and cuddling.
• Passing gas is a normal part of their digestion.
• Their bowel movements are regular.

If your baby has difficulty feeding, vomits frequently, has bloody stools, or a fever, consult a doctor.

How to Soothe a Baby with Colic

Stay Calm: Babies pick up on their parents’ stress, which can make crying worse.

Consider Formula Changes: If bottle-feeding, switching formulas (e.g., to a soy-based or hydrolyzed formula) may help, but only under a doctor’s guidance.

Modify Maternal Diet: Breastfeeding mothers may try eliminating dairy, gluten, or cruciferous vegetables (e.g., cabbage, broccoli) to see if it reduces gas.

Create a Calm Feeding Environment: Minimize distractions during feedings to reduce air swallowing, which can lead to discomfort.

Feed on Demand: Follow your baby's hunger cues rather than sticking to a strict schedule.

Burp Your Baby: Gently patting their back or applying slight pressure to their abdomen can help release trapped air.

Try Gentle Massage: A clockwise tummy massage can relieve gas and aid digestion.

Swaddle for Comfort: Wrapping your baby snugly in a blanket can provide a sense of security.

Use White Noise: Repetitive sounds like a washing machine, vacuum cleaner, or white noise machine can have a calming effect.

Take a Walk or Drive: Many babies settle when in a stroller or during a car ride.

Try Gentle Bouncing: Sitting on an exercise ball while holding your baby may help soothe them.

Give a Warm Bath: The warmth can be comforting and recreate the feeling of the womb.

Reduce Stimulation: Dim the lights, lower noise levels, and create a calm environment.

Offer a Pacifier: Sucking provides comfort and can help ease gas-related discomfort.

Coping with Parental Stress

Caring for a colicky baby can be exhausting. It’s essential for parents to remind themselves that colic is a phase—it will pass. Take breaks when needed:

Ask for help from family, friends, or neighbors.

Step away for a few moments if overwhelmed—place the baby in a safe space and take a deep breath.

Practice self-care to recharge and regain patience.

Above all, remember: this phase is temporary. With time, your baby will grow, and the crying will subside.